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Esau and Edom

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Esau and Edom
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Old Testament Cultural Insights

Avram Shannon

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Contents

An Ancient Concept of Heredity
Angels
Authorship
Babylon
Beth-el
The Book of Leviticus
Camels
Categories of Animals
Cherubim
Child Sacrifice in the Old Testament
Circumcision
Deferential Speech
Esau and Edom
Firmament
Giants
Glory of the Lord
Gopher Wood
Hebrew
Hospitality
Introduction to Genesis
The Mark and Curse of Cain
Matzebot
Meaning of the Name Isaac
Melchizedek
Moab
Moses 1
Names and Covenants: Abraham and Sarah
Names of God
Polygamy
Pottage
Satan
Shekel
Shinar
Slavery
Sons of God
Soul
Symbolic Meaning of the Name Adam
Symbolic Meaning of the Name Eve
Symbolic Meaning of the Name Noah
Tree of Life
Tribe of Asher
Tribe of Benjamin
Tribe of Dan
Tribe of Gad
Tribe of Issachar
Tribe of Naphtali
Twelve Tribes of Israel
Urim and Thummim
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Contents

An Ancient Concept of Heredity
Angels
Authorship
Babylon
Beth-el
The Book of Leviticus
1 2 … 8 Next »

Avram Shannon, “Esau and Edom,” in Old Testament Cultural Insights, ed. Taylor Halverson (Springville, UT: Book of Mormon Central, 2022).

The people of Edom lived just south of the Dead Sea, below Israel and, later, Judah. They spoke a Canaanite language similar to Hebrew. The geographical closeness between Edom and Israel and Judah means that Edom appears with some frequency in the Old Testament. The Old Testament authors understood the Edomites to be the descendants of Esau, which meant that this people possessed a close connection to the Israelites.

The relationship between Esau and Edom is reinforced in the Bible through numerous examples of wordplay. “Edom” sounds like the Hebrew word for red. Genesis 25:30 derives the name Edom from Esau’s sale of his birthright for a bowl of soup made from red lentils. The capital of Edom was Mount Seir, which sounds like the Hebrew word for hairy. When Esau was born, he came out red and hairy, thus connecting him to both Mount Seir and Edom.

Mentions of Edom continue throughout scripture—for example, King Saul’s chief herdsman, Doeg, was an Edomite. And according to 2 Samuel 8:14–15, David exerted military control over Edom, which caused difficulties during Solomon’s reign (see 1 Kings 11:14–15). Outside of the Old Testament period, the Hasmoneans forcibly converted the Edomites (called Idumeans in Greek) to Judaism. King Herod from the first chapters of the Gospel of Matthew was descended from these converts. Edom became associated with Rome in later Jewish literature, and Idumea (Edom) was used as a symbol for the world as opposed to the Church in Doctrine and Covenants 1:36.

Related Verses

Genesis 25:25, 30
Numbers 20:14–20
Deuteronomy 23:7
Judges 5:4
Judges 11:17
1 Samuel 14:47
2 Samuel 8:14–15
2 Kings 3:8–12
Psalm 108:8–10
Psalm 137:7
Isaiah 11:14
Jeremiah 27:3
Joel 3:19
Amos 1:11
Obadiah 1:1–8

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